Phrasal Verbs افعالی هستند که از دو قسمت تشکیل شده اند و در بسیاری از موارد معنی این افعال هیچ ربطی به اجزای سازنده آن نداره ، به طور مثال فعل hang around در جمله زیر به معنای وقت را به بطالت گذارندن است.

I really Don’t like the guy that she hangs around with

همانطوری که در این مثال معلومه وقت گذروندن هیچ ربطی به hang یا around نداره اما وقتی این دو فعل با هم استفاده میشوند این معنی رو میده . البته همه این گونه افعال به این صورت نیست ، مثلا get in در جمله زیر به معنای سوار شدن است که خیلی هم بی ربط با اجزای سازنده نیست :

C’mon , get in the car or we are gonna be late

توجه کنید استفاده از این افعال بیشتر در مکالمات مرسوم است چون در انگلیسیی رسمی ، به خصوص در نامه های رسمی و اداری از این افعال استفاده نمیشود.اما استفاده این افعال در مکالمه یا نامه های غیر رسمی شکل زبان انگلیسی شما را از حالت خشک و مبتدی خارج میکند.

من لغت نامه Cambridge Phrasal Verbs Dictionary را به دوستانی که به دنبال معانی و نحوه استفاده این افعال هستند پیشنهاد میکنم.

در ادامه تعدادی از این افعال که استفاده زیادی در مکالمه ای روز مره دارد را می تونید مشاهده کنید.

Figure out

Find the solution to a problem.

I figured out the answer.

Hand in

Give homework, papers, etc., to a teacher.

We handed in our homework.

Hand out

Give something to person, then to the person, then to another person, etc.

The teacher handed out the test papers.

Look up

Look for information in a dictionary, a telephone directory, an encyclopedia, etc.

I looked a word up in the dictionary.

Make up

Invent ( a story)

Children like to make up stories.

Pick up

Lift

Abdullah picked up stories.

Put down

Stop holding or carrying

I put down the heavy packages.

Put off

Postpone

We put off our trip until next summer.

Put on

Place clothes on one’s body

I put on my coat before I left.

Take off

Remove clothes from one’s body

I took off my coat when I arrived.

Throw away & Throw out

Put in the trash, discard

I threw away my old notebooks.

I threw out my old notebooks.

Turn off

Stop a machine or a light

I turned off the lights and went to bed.

Turn on

Start a machine or a light

I turned on the lights and went to bed.

Wake up

Stop sleeping

My wife woke me up at six.

Write down

Write a note on a piece o paper

I wrote his phone number down

Call on

Ask ( someone ) to speak in class

The teacher called on Mohammad

Come from

Originate

Where do these bananas come from?

Get over

Recover from illness or a shock

Ahmad got over her cold and returned to work.

Get off

Leave a bus/airplane/train/subway

I got off the bus at Makkah Street.

Get on

Enter a bus/airplane/train/subway

I got on the bus at Makkah Street.

Get in

Enter a car, taxi

I got in the taxi at the airport.

Get out of

Leave a car, taxi

I got out of the taxi at the hotel.

Look into

Investigate

Someone needs to look into this problem.

Run into

Meet by chance

I ran into Ali at the Market.